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In November 2012 as a result of the rapidly expanding civil aviation there were 182 commercial airports in China. Under the 2011-2015 national plan, 82 new commercial airports are to be constructed.〔 Around 500 airports of all types and sizes were in operation in 2007, about 400 of which had paved runways and about 100 of which had runways of 3,047 m or shorter. There also were 35 heliports in 2007, an increasingly used type of facility. With the additional airports came a proliferation of airlines. China has the fastest growing passenger air market of any country in the world (by total passenger numbers) and between 2009 and 2013 the number of passengers increased over 32% from 266,293,020 to 352,795,296.〔World Bank Datebase, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.AIR.PSGR〕 In 2013 China was second only to the United States in total numbers of passengers carried.〔World Bank Datebase, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.AIR.PSGR〕 ==History== Before the Chinese Civil War, there were three airlines operating in the Republic of China. One was Civil Air Transport (Air America), founded by General Claire L. Chennault and Whiting Willauer in 1946. The other two were joint ventures by the ROC government with Pan American World Airways and Lufthansa. As a result of the Chinese Civil War, the Communist Party of China took control of mainland China, and only Civil Air Transport moved along with the Kuomintang (KMT)-controlled ROC government to Taiwan.〔William M. Leary, ''Perilous Missions, Civil Air Transport and CIA Covert Operations in Asia'', The University of Alabama Press, Alabama, 1984〕 In 1949 the new government established the aviation authority and operator General Administration of Civil Aviation of China. In 1987, China's government separated the airline operations of General Administration of Civil Aviation of China into a number of state-owned enterprises. The regulatory role was retained by the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China which is now known as Civil Aviation Administration of China. In 2004, the turnover of airfreight reached 7.18 billion ton-km, the passenger turnover was 178.2 billion person-km, and the volume of freight traffic 2.767 million tons. China had a total of 1,279 civil flight routes, 1,035 of them domestic routes reaching all large and medium-sized cities, and 244 of them international, connecting China with more than 70 cities overseas. China's passenger airline industry is dominated by the three state-owned airlines; Air China, China Southern Airlines and China Eastern Airlines.〔Michael Wines, China Fortifies State Businesses to Fuel Growth|date=August 29, 2010|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/30/world/asia/30china.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print〕 There are limited competition from private operators in the commercial passenger market such as Spring Airlines but the state owned operators have the political and financial wherewithal from the central government to lead the market.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Civil aviation in China」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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